AI literacy: what must I arrange under the AI Act?
Adopted 2026-06-14 · ≈ 2 min read · 
edited by Dirk Baaijen
Since 2 Feb 2025, anyone deploying AI must ensure a sufficient level of AI literacy (Art. 4 AI Act). In transport and logistics this means giving staff who work with AI systems enough knowledge and understanding of their use and risks.
Short answer: Since 2 February 2025, Article 4 of the AI Act requires anyone deploying AI to ensure a sufficient level of AI literacy among their staff. This applies fully to transport and logistics businesses, regardless of the risk level of the systems they use.
What does the obligation involve?
AI literacy (Art. 4 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689) was one of the first obligations to take effect, alongside the prohibited practices, from 2 February 2025. It applies to everyone who deploys AI: both providers and users (deployers). The point is that the people working with AI systems have enough knowledge, skills and understanding to use those systems responsibly and to assess the associated risks and consequences.
The law does not prescribe a specific certificate or exam. What is appropriate depends on context: the nature of the AI systems, the role of the staff, and the group of people on whom the systems are used.
What does this mean for transport and logistics?
AI systems are used widely across the sector. Some are high-risk under Annex III, such as systems for scheduling, workforce planning and recruitment (Annex III, point 4). For exactly these applications, literacy among planners and HR staff is essential. In addition: emotion recognition in the workplace, such as monitoring drivers, is a prohibited practice.
A warehouse robot can be a safety component (Annex I) in combination with the Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230, which applies from January 2027. Its operators also fall under the literacy obligation.
What must you arrange now?
Map out which AI systems you use and who works with them. Provide suitable explanation and training, matched to the role and risk level, and record that this has been done. Because the obligation has applied since February 2025, this is not a future concern but a current requirement.
Read the main file: AI regulation in transport and logistics. Or take the Transport & Logistics scan.
Sources
- https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj
Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (AI Act); phased application 2025–2027.
Read next
AI for demand forecasting and planning: does it fall under the AI Act?
AI for demand forecasting falls under the AI Act, but is usually not a high-risk system. If the same planning drives decisions about staff, Annex III may apply. Function and impact are decisive.
Does my route-optimisation AI fall under the AI Act?
An AI that purely optimises routes or trips is usually not a high-risk system under the AI Act. If the same AI also drives task allocation or workers' performance, it does fall under Annex III. AI literacy already applies now.
May I monitor my drivers with AI?
Partly. Emotion recognition in the workplace is banned under the AI Act. AI for scheduling, planning or recruitment is high-risk with strict duties. Other monitoring is allowed if AI literacy and privacy rules are met.